In this study, the authors prepared a 70 % ethanolic extract of a pooled “Anatolian propolis” sample (collected from beekeepers in multiple Turkish regions) and undertook a comprehensive biochemical characterisation including determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), HPLC-PDA profiling of specific phenolic and flavonoid compounds, in vitro inhibition of key enzymes (acetylcholinesterase, urease and α-amylase), and cytotoxic/antiviral screening on Vero cells, lung cancer (A549) and breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines. They found a TPC of ~77.85 mg GAE/mL and a TFC of ~19.34 mg QE/mL for the extract. The HPLC profiling confirmed the presence of numerous phenolic acids and flavonoids (e.g., caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, CAPE, quercetin derivatives) and the extract exhibited meaningful inhibitory activity against the tested enzymes as well as cytotoxic and antiviral effects, supporting the notion that Anatolian propolis holds promise as a source of bioactive compounds for functional or therapeutic application.
Can, Z., Birinci, C., Kara, Y., Esertaş, Ü. Z. Ü., & Kolaylı, S. (2024). Determination of phenolic content and bioactive characterization of Anatolian propolis. European Food Research and Technology, 250(7), 2059-2068.
